Na2S lewis structure or sodium sulfide is an inorganic compound with an important position in organic chemistry. Let us discuss all of its aspects in a detailed form.
Na2S lewis structure consists of metal Na and non-metal S. Due to huge differences, they form Na2S lewis structure through the transference of electrons which results in ionic bonding. Na being a metal donates electrons and S being a non-metal accepts those electrons resulting in the ionic compound
Na2S lewis structure exists in its hydrated form which is Na2S.9H2O. It is a colorless water soluble solid and a strongly alkaline solution. Being solid it opts for an antifluorite structure and CaF2 framework. Let us discuss various properties like angle, hybridisation, shape, associated with Na2S lewis structure.
How to draw Na2S lewis structure?
Na2S lewis structure formation using electron dot symbols involves the transference of electrons. Let us figure it out in a stepwise manner.
Step1: Counting the total number of valence electrons
The first step is summing up the valence electrons. The total number of valence electrons in the Na2S lewis structure are 8. Na has 1 and S has 6 valence electrons. So the total sum is 1(2) + 6 = 8. Hence total of 8 valence electrons is involved in bonding.
Step2: Looking out for the central atom
The next part is to find the central atom. Here the central atom is S. It is not the least electronegative but it has a huge electronegativity difference with Na as the latter is metal and former is the nonmetal.
Step3: Fulfilling the octet criteria
Completion of octet stability criteria is the next step. Here Na is metal and S is a nonmetal. So there will be a transference of electrons. Na will lose one 1 electron each which will be accepted by the S atom due to its high electron density. This will result in Na+ cation and S2- anion.
Step4: Confirming the stability with a formal charge
The last step of lewis structure is calculating the formal charge for confirming the stability of the structure. As far as the Na2S lewis structure is involved then the formal charge of both Na and S is 0 which confirms the stability and identity of the molecule as the existing structure.
Na2S lewis structure resonance
Resonance or mesomerism as a phenomenon is observed in many lewis structures. Let us figure out whether the Na2S lewis structure exhibits the same or not.
Na2S lewis structure does not show resonance. Resonance is usually observed in organic compounds with lone pairs where delocalization is possible. Na2S lewis structure is an ionic compound with no sharing thereby no canonical structures are observed.
Resonance structures are formed where a single structure is not able to explain all the associated properties and various hybrid structures are formed. Resonance is only observed in covalent compounds. Resonance should also fulfill the octet stability criteria.
Na2S lewis structure shape
The shape of the molecule is a feature that shows its arrangement or framework. Let us look at the shape of the Na2S lewis structure.
The shape of the Na2S lewis structure is bent. The concept of shape is not much valid in ionic compounds as there is the formation of ions in them. So the shape in the Na2S lewis structure though bent in nature does not involve bond formation or hold as a framework.
In ionic compounds, the concept of shape is not much prevalent as the covalency is absent which holds the molecule together as a framework. Such a situation is not observed in ionic compounds where there is ions formation and electrovalency exists.
Na2S lewis structure formal charge
Formal charge calculation is the identification factor related to the stability of the molecule. Let us calculate the formal charge of the Na2S lewis structure.
The formal charge of atom = Number of valence electrons – Number of nonbonding electrons – Number of bonding electrons/2
Using the above formula let us calculate the formal charge for Na and S in the Na2S lewis structure.
- Formal charge of Na in Na2S lewis structure = 1 – 0 – 2/2 = 0
- Formal charge of S in Na2S lewis structure = 6 – 4 – 4/2 = 0
- Hence the formal charge of Na2S lewis structure is 0 which confirms the existence of the molecule.
Na2S lewis structure angle
The bond angle in the lewis structure is the angle formed between 2 atoms that are bonded. Let us discuss bond angles in the Na2S lewis structure.
There is no bond angle in the Na2S lewis structure. This is because there is no concrete molecular geometry of Na2S lewis structure. The bonding is ionic which involves ions and the holding together of the molecule is due to differences in electron densities.
Just like shape the concept of bond angle is more valid in covalent compounds. In the case of the Na2S lewis structure, a framework is absent due to as there is transference of electrons instead of sharing and the bond is ionic.
Na2S lewis structure octet rule
The octet rule is a stability criterion that can be fulfilled by the sharing or transference of electrons. Let us check out the same scenario in the Na2S lewis structure.
Na2S lewis structure fulfills the octet criteria which is the presence of 8 electrons in all the atoms after bonding. Na has 1 valence electron and S has 6 valence electrons. Acceptance of 2 electrons by S and donation of 1 electron each by 2 Na will fulfill the octet criteria for both.
Na2S lewis structure is an ionic compound so here there will be gaining and losing of electrons which will result in Na+ cations and S2- anions. This not only fulfills the octet criteria but also creates a strong electrovalent bond in the Na2S lewis structure.
Na2S lewis structure lone pairs
Lone pairs of electrons are the extra electrons that do not participate in bonding. Let us figure out the lone pairs in the Na2S lewis structure.
The lone pair of electrons in the Na2S lewis structure is 4. There are a total of 8 valence electrons in the structure. Na has a valency of 1 which implies that 2 Na atoms can transfer 2 electrons to an S atom. So in total 4 electrons are bonded and the rest 4 are lone pairs.
The lone pair has no role in the sharing or shifting of electrons. But they have a significant role in deciding the positions of the whole molecular framework. They do affect angle changes, dipole moments, stereogenic positioning, etc.
Na2S lewis structure valence electrons
Valence electrons are the outermost electrons which due to less nuclear attractions can participate in chemical bonding. Let us calculate the same in the Na2S lewis structure.
There are a total of 8 valence electrons in the Na2S lewis structure. This can be calculated by adding the valence electrons in the individual atoms of sodium and sulfur in the Na2S lewis structure.
Let us calculate the total number of valence electrons in the Na2S lewis structure.
- Valence electrons in Na in Na2S lewis structure = 1
- Valence electrons in S in Na2S lewis structure = 6
- Total number of valence electrons in Na2S lewis structure = 1(2) + 6 = 8
- So the total number of valence electrons in the Na2S lewis structure is 8
Na2S lewis structure hybridisation
Hybridization is the intermixing of the atomic hybrid orbitals to form new orbitals. Let us figure out the hybridization in the Na2S lewis structure.
Na2S lewis structure does not exhibit hybridization because it is an ionic compound that does not exhibit sharing hence there is no intermixing and only the electron density is involved in bonding.
Another aspect on which the concept of hybridization is based is the bent’s rule. If a molecule satisfies the conditions of the bent rule then no hybridization occurs in the molecule and Na2S lewis structure follows the same.
Is Na2S lewis structure solid?
Any chemical compound belongs to the three states of matter according to the space or force of attraction. Let us find out the same in the Na2S lewis structure.
Na2S lewis structure is a solid and exists in the form of a yellow powder. Being a solid it shows the crystal structure properties of the solid and exists as an antifluorite framework.
Why is Na2S lewis structure solid? .
Na2S lewis structure is solid because of the weight percentage specified in the commercial samples. Apart from this in its real form, it exists in its hydrated version as Na2S.9H2O. The hydrous and anhydrous salts are colorless solid.
Is Na2S lewis structure soluble in water?
Being an ionic compound the solubility of the Na2S lewis structure is significant. Let us discuss the water solubility in the Na2S lewis structure.
Na2S lewis structure is soluble in water. Apart from that, it forms a strongly alkaline solution with water which on exposure to moisture has a rotten egg-like smell similar to H2S.
Why is Na2S lewis structure soluble in water?
Na2S lewis structure as exhibited from its bonding properties is an ionic compound. Ionic compounds are water-soluble because of the polar nature of the water which makes it easy for the dissociation of the compound. This increases the solubility of the molecule.
Is Na2S lewis structure polar or nonpolar?
The polarity of the molecule is based on the differences in the charges of the atoms involved in the molecule. Let us find out the polarity of the Na2S lewis structure.
Na2S lewis structure is polar. This is because of the huge electronegativity difference between the sodium and sulfur atom. Due to this, a dipole is created.
Why is Na2S lewis structure polar in nature?
Na2S lewis structure is a polar compound because the atoms involved in bonding have a huge difference in their electronegativities. Na is a cation and S is an anion with positive and negative charges due to the loss and gain of electrons respectively.
Is Na2S lewis structure a molecular compound?
The terminology molecular compound and covalent compound are synonymous with each other. Let us find out whether the Na2S lewis structure is molecular or not.
Na2S lewis structure is not a molecular compound. It does not exhibit the traits and characteristics of the molecular compound. Instead, it is an ionic compound due to its properties.
Why is Na2S lewis structure not a molecular compound?
Na2S lewis structure is not molecular because the atoms involved in the bonding are opposite and are poles apart. Na is metal and S is a non-metal which are opposite in periodic properties. So they cannot be bonded through sharing.
For a compound to be molecular it should exhibit sharing and the bond is covalent which is not a strong bond. Molecularity is exhibited in compounds where nonmetals or metalloids are involved. Such conditions are not prevalent in the Na2S lewis structure.
Is Na2S lewis structure an acid or base?
Acidic or basic properties can be judged through various reactions. Let us figure out whether the Na2S lewis structure is an acid or a base.
Na2S lewis structure is a basic salt because over here the base is dominant as compared to acid. But its reaction is a salt formation reaction where acid reacts with the base.
Why is Na2S lewis structure despite being a salt considered as basic?
Na2S lewis structure is salt but it is basic because of the additional OH- ions formed by the hydrolysis of an anion. So it is considered a basic salt.
Another reason for its basic domination is its ability to form a strong alkaline solution when dissolved in water. Also, the formation reaction of Na2S lewis structure involves a strong base NaOH which can be another reason behind its basic or alkaline nature.
Is Na2S lewis structure an electrolyte?
Electrolytes are those compounds that can dissociate in the aqueous medium. Let us look out whether Na2S lewis structure is an electrolyte or not.
Na2S lewis structure is a strong electrolyte. It means it shows complete dissociation in an aqueous medium or in water which is because of its characteristics as an ionic compound.
Why is Na2S lewis structure an electrolyte?
Na2S lewis structure is an electrolyte because it is an ionic compound. Being ionic means a greater electronegativity difference. In the presence of water or an aqueous medium, it can dissociate into the respective ions Na+ and S2-.
Is Na2S lewis structure a salt?
Salt is a mixture of an acid and base and is considered a neutral compound. Let us find out whether Na2S lewis structure can be categorized as salt or not.
Na2S lewis structure is a salt. It is called a sulfide salt in its anhydrous form. As a salt, it can exist in pentahydrate and nonahydrate forms as well. It can be designated by 2 names which are sulfide salt and inorganic sodium salt.
Why is Na2S lewis structure a salt?
Na2S lewis structure is a salt because it is formed by the reaction between an acid and base. Na2S lewis structure is a product of the reaction between H2S which is a weak acid and NaOH which is a strong base.
Is Na2S lewis structure an ionic or covalent compound?
Bonding can be of 3 types depending upon the adjustment of electrons in the compound. Let us find out the bonding in the Na2S lewis structure.
Na2S lewis structure exhibits ionic bonding and is designated as an ionic compound. It is made up of Na+ and S2- ions and has strong electrostatic forces between them.
Why is Na2S lewis structure an ionic compound?
Na2S lewis structure is an ionic compound because here there is the transference of electrons completely between the two atoms involved which results in ion formation. Also, the bonding between them is quite strong.
Conclusion
So in a nutshell Na2S, lewis structure is an ionic compound exhibiting all the characteristics related to it is it the structural, electronic, or periodic properties. It is a basic salt that is water soluble and can even act as a strong electrolyte due to its polar and ionic nature.
Read more about IF5 Lewis Structure.